Verbs · N5

Japanese verb groups: godan, ichidan and irregular

The three-way classification that makes conjugation predictable.

In short

Japanese verbs are commonly grouped as godan, ichidan, and a small irregular group headed by する and 来る.

How it works

Ichidan verbs generally drop final る before many endings: 食べる→食べます. Godan verbs change the final kana row: 書く→書きます. Some verbs ending in る are godan, so spelling alone is not always enough.

Useful contrast

Group labels describe conjugation behavior, not meaning or formality.

Examples

食べる → 食べます
to eat → polite
書く → 書きます
to write → polite

Common pitfall

Learn each new verb with its group when the ending is ambiguous. Common exceptions become easy through repeated use.

Related articles

Continue in the learning PathSearch the knowledge base