Verbs · N5–N4

The ない-form: plain negative verbs

The negative base used in casual speech and many larger patterns.

In short

ない attaches through each verb group’s negative conjugation: 食べる→食べない, 書く→書かない, する→しない, 来る→来ない.

How it works

It can stand as a plain negative predicate or feed constructions such as ないで, なくてもいい, なければならない and ないほうがいい.

Useful contrast

The polite negative ません and plain negative ない differ mainly in register and grammatical environment.

Examples

今日は行かない。
I am not going today.
食べないでください。
Please do not eat it.

Common pitfall

For godan verbs, watch う→わ: 買う becomes 買わない, not *買あない.

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