Grammar · N5

い-adjectives and な-adjectives

Two adjective classes with different conjugation and noun-linking behavior.

In short

い-adjectives usually end in い and conjugate that ending: 高い→高くない→高かった. な-adjectives use な before a noun and copular forms as predicates: 静かな部屋, 部屋は静かです.

How it works

Not every word ending in い is an い-adjective; きれい and 有名 are な-adjectives.

Useful contrast

Both classes describe qualities, but their grammar differs, especially in negative, past and adverbial forms.

Examples

高い店
an expensive shop
静かな町
a quiet town

Common pitfall

Learn adjective class with the word. Guessing solely from the final kana causes common errors.

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